概述
Excel是我们平时工作中比较常用的用于存储二维表数据的,JAVA也可以直接对Excel进行操作,分别有jxl和poi,2种方式。
HSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel '97(-2007) file format. XSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel 2007 OOXML (.xlsx) file format.
从官方文档中了解到:POI提供的HSSF包用于操作 Excel '97(-2007)的.xls文件,而XSSF包则用于操作Excel2007之后的.xslx文件。
本片文章主要参考poi官网:IT虾米网
代码
- 要使用poi,必须引入poi的jar包,maven依赖如下:
1 <dependency> 2 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 3 <artifactId>poi</artifactId> 4 <version>3.14</version> 5 </dependency> 6 7 <dependency> 8 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 9 <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> 10 <version>3.14</version> 11 </dependency> 12 <dependency> 13 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 14 <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId> 15 <version>3.14</version> 16 </dependency>
- 使用poi创建execl文件
1 package test.hd.poi; 2 3 import java.io.FileOutputStream; 4 import java.io.IOException; 5 import java.util.Date; 6 7 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; 8 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook; 9 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; 10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle; 11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor; 12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Comment; 13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CreationHelper; 14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormat; 15 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Drawing; 16 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font; 17 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.RichTextString; 18 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; 19 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; 20 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; 21 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress; 22 23 public class CreateExcel { 24 25 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { 26 Workbook[] wbs = new Workbook[] { new HSSFWorkbook(), new XSSFWorkbook() }; 27 for (int i = 0; i < wbs.length; i++) { 28 Workbook workbook = wbs[i]; 29 // 得到一个POI的工具类 30 CreationHelper createHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper(); 31 32 // 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表,其名为缺省值, 也可以指定Sheet名称 33 Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(); 34 // Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("SheetName"); 35 36 // 用于格式化单元格的数据 37 DataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat(); 38 39 // 设置字体 40 Font font = workbook.createFont(); 41 font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 20); // 字体高度 42 font.setColor(Font.COLOR_RED); // 字体颜色 43 font.setFontName("黑体"); // 字体 44 font.setBoldweight(Font.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD); // 宽度 45 font.setItalic(true); // 是否使用斜体 46 // font.setStrikeout(true); //是否使用划线 47 48 // 设置单元格类型 49 CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle(); 50 cellStyle.setFont(font); 51 cellStyle.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 水平布局:居中 52 cellStyle.setWrapText(true); 53 54 CellStyle cellStyle2 = workbook.createCellStyle(); 55 cellStyle2.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("#, ## 0.0")); 56 57 CellStyle cellStyle3 = workbook.createCellStyle(); 58 cellStyle3.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")); 59 60 // 添加单元格注释 61 // 创建Drawing对象,Drawing是所有注释的容器. 62 Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch(); 63 // ClientAnchor是附属在WorkSheet上的一个对象, 其固定在一个单元格的左上角和右下角. 64 ClientAnchor anchor = createHelper.createClientAnchor(); 65 // 设置注释位子 66 anchor.setRow1(0); 67 anchor.setRow2(2); 68 anchor.setCol1(0); 69 anchor.setCol2(2); 70 // 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档 71 Comment comment = drawing.createCellComment(anchor); 72 // 设置注释内容 73 RichTextString str = createHelper.createRichTextString("Hello, World!"); 74 comment.setString(str); 75 // 设置注释作者. 当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容. 76 comment.setAuthor("H__D"); 77 78 // 定义几行 79 for (int rownum = 0; rownum < 30; rownum++) { 80 // 创建行 81 Row row = sheet.createRow(rownum); 82 // 创建单元格 83 Cell cell = row.createCell((short) 1); 84 cell.setCellValue(createHelper.createRichTextString("Hello!" + rownum));// 设置单元格内容 85 cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);// 设置单元格样式 86 cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);// 指定单元格格式:数值、公式或字符串 87 cell.setCellComment(comment);// 添加注释 88 89 // 格式化数据 90 Cell cell2 = row.createCell((short) 2); 91 cell2.setCellValue(11111.25); 92 cell2.setCellStyle(cellStyle2); 93 94 Cell cell3 = row.createCell((short) 3); 95 cell3.setCellValue(new Date()); 96 cell3.setCellStyle(cellStyle3); 97 98 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 0); // 调整第一列宽度 99 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 1); // 调整第二列宽度 100 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 2); // 调整第三列宽度 101 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 3); // 调整第四列宽度 102 103 } 104 105 // 合并单元格 106 sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, // 第一行(0) 107 2, // last row(0-based) 108 1, // 第一列(基于0) 109 2 // 最后一列(基于0) 110 )); 111 112 // 保存 113 String filename = "C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls"; 114 if (workbook instanceof XSSFWorkbook) { 115 filename = filename + "x"; 116 } 117 118 FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename); 119 workbook.write(out); 120 out.close(); 121 } 122 } 123 124 }
- 使用poi修改execl文件
1 package test.hd.poi; 2 3 import java.io.FileInputStream; 4 import java.io.FileOutputStream; 5 import java.io.IOException; 6 import java.io.InputStream; 7 8 import org.apache.poi.EncryptedDocumentException; 9 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException; 10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; 11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; 12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; 13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; 14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory; 15 16 17 18 public class UpdateExcel { 19 20 public static void main(String[] args) throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException { 21 22 InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls"); 23 //InputStream inp = new FileInputStream("workbook.xlsx"); 24 25 Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream); 26 Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0); 27 Row row = sheet.getRow(2); 28 Cell cell = row.getCell(3); 29 if (cell == null) 30 cell = row.createCell(3); 31 cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); 32 cell.setCellValue("a test"); 33 34 // Write the output to a file 35 FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls"); 36 workbook.write(fileOut); 37 fileOut.close(); 38 39 } 40 41 }
- 使用poi解析excel文件
1 package test.hd.poi; 2 3 import java.io.FileInputStream; 4 import java.io.FileOutputStream; 5 import java.io.IOException; 6 import java.io.InputStream; 7 8 import org.apache.poi.EncryptedDocumentException; 9 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException; 10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; 11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormatter; 12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil; 13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; 14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; 15 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; 16 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory; 17 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellReference; 18 19 import com.microsoft.schemas.office.visio.x2012.main.CellType; 20 21 22 23 public class ReadExcel { 24 25 public static void main(String[] args) throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException { 26 27 InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls"); 28 //InputStream inp = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls"); 29 30 Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream); 31 Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0); 32 33 DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter(); 34 for (Row row : sheet) { 35 for (Cell cell : row) { 36 CellReference cellRef = new CellReference(row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex()); 37 //单元格名称 38 System.out.print(cellRef.formatAsString()); 39 System.out.print(" - "); 40 41 //通过获取单元格值并应用任何数据格式(Date,0.00,1.23e9,$ 1.23等),获取单元格中显示的文本 42 String text = formatter.formatCellValue(cell); 43 System.out.println(text); 44 45 //获取值并自己格式化 46 switch (cell.getCellType()) { 47 case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:// 字符串型 48 System.out.println(cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString()); 49 break; 50 case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:// 数值型 51 if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) { // 如果是date类型则 ,获取该cell的date值 52 System.out.println(cell.getDateCellValue()); 53 } else {// 纯数字 54 System.out.println(cell.getNumericCellValue()); 55 } 56 break; 57 case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:// 布尔 58 System.out.println(cell.getBooleanCellValue()); 59 break; 60 case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:// 公式型 61 System.out.println(cell.getCellFormula()); 62 break; 63 case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:// 空值 64 System.out.println(); 65 break; 66 case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: // 故障 67 System.out.println(); 68 break; 69 default: 70 System.out.println(); 71 } 72 } 73 } 74 75 } 76 77 }