1、检测集群是否健康。
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/health?v'
#后面加一个v表示让输出内容表格显示表头
绿色表示一切正常,黄色表示所有的数据可用但是部分副本还没有分配,红色表示部分数据因为某些原因不可用。
2、查看集群的的节点列表。
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v'
3、创建索引(方法一)
#创建一个名为demo_v1的索引
> curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/demo_v1' {"acknowledged":true,"shards_acknowledged":true}%
默认的number_of_shards=5, number_of_replicas=1,
说明:number_of_shards表示设置一个索引的碎片数量,number_of_replicas表示设置一个索引可被复制的数量。这两个属性的设置直接影响集群中索引和搜索操作的执行。
假设你有足够的机器来持有碎片和复制品,那么可以按如下规则设置这两个值:
1) 拥有更多的碎片可以提升索引执行能力,并允许通过机器分发一个大型的索引;
2) 拥有更多的复制器能够提升搜索执行能力以及集群能力。
对于一个索引来说,number_of_shards只能设置一次,而number_of_replicas可以使用索引更新设置API在任何时候被增加或者减少。
4、创建索引(方法二)
#创建一个名为demo_v2的索引,并设置number_of_shards=3,number_of_replicas=2
curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/demo_v2/' -d'{ "settings":{ "index":{ "number_of_shards":3, "number_of_replicas":2 } } }'
5、查看索引
#查看所有索引列表
>curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open test_v3 MBBLajV1RXynlf9AsRk-nQ 5 1 0 0 260b 260b
yellow open test_v1 nD02rWTqQO-vUaiM8fvolg 5 1 0 0 650b 650b
yellow open demo_v1 TItuViE3Qyu8qqqMMiLkAQ 5 1 0 0 795b 795b
yellow open english Y6Zwxj2cQPijI6NBOmGy9g 5 1 10010130 0 29gb 29gb
yellow open demo_v2 RmYvA8NdSOupXCS5VlXraA 3 2 0 0 390b 390b
yellow open test_v2 HBlEt6zCRomBnQYQrfcpuA 5 1 0 0 260b 260b
#查看索引demo_v1列表
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices/demo_v1?v'
#查看索引demo_v1,demo_v2列表
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices/demo_v1,demo_v2?v'
6、给索引设置别名
#给索引demo_v1设置别名demo curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/_alias/demo' #给索引demo_v1设置别名demo curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/_aliases?pretty' -d'{ "actions" : [ { "add" : { "index" : "demo_v1", "alias" : "demo"} } ]}' #移除索引demo_v1的别名demo,并给索引demo_v2设置别名demo curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/_aliases?pretty' -d'{ "actions" : [ { "remove" : { "index" : "demo_v1", "alias" : "demo" } }, { "add" : { "index" : "demo_v2", "alias" : "demo" } } ]}'
命令后面添加pretty表示漂亮的输出,也就是格式化输出
7、查看别名
#查看所有的别名 curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/_alias/*' {"demo_v1":{"aliases":{"demo":{}}}}% #查看索引demo_v1的所有别名 curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/_alias/*' {"demo_v1":{"aliases":{"demo":{}}}}%
8、删除索引
#删除索引test_v1 curl -XDELETE 'localhost:9200/test_v1' #删除索引test_v2,test_v3 curl -XDELETE 'localhost:9200/test_v2,test_v3'
9、查看索引的设置信息
#查看索引demo_v1的所有设置信息 > curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo_v1?pretty' { "demo_v1" : { "aliases" : { "demo" : { } }, "mappings" : { }, "settings" : { "index" : { "creation_date" : "1497955726944", "number_of_shards" : "5", "number_of_replicas" : "1", "uuid" : "TItuViE3Qyu8qqqMMiLkAQ", "version" : { "created" : "5030099" }, "provided_name" : "demo_v1" } } } } #查看索引demo_v1设置的基础信息 curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/_settings?pretty' { "demo_v1" : { "settings" : { "index" : { "creation_date" : "1497955726944", "number_of_shards" : "5", "number_of_replicas" : "1", "uuid" : "TItuViE3Qyu8qqqMMiLkAQ", "version" : { "created" : "5030099" }, "provided_name" : "demo_v1" } } } } #查看索引demo_v1设置的mapping信息 curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/_mapping?pretty' { "demo_v1" : { "mappings" : { } } }
9、CRUD数据
#向索引demo_v1中添加几条数据(type=fruit添加3条数据,type=book添加两条数据) curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/_bulk?pretty' -d' { "index" : { "_index" : "demo_v1", "_type" : "fruit", "_id" : "1" }} { "name" : "苹果"} { "create" : { "_index" : "demo_v1", "_type" : "fruit", "_id" : "2" }} { "name" : "香蕉"} { "index" : { "_index" : "demo_v1", "_type" : "fruit", "_id" : "3" }} { "name" : "西瓜"} { "index" : { "_index" : "demo_v1", "_type" : "book", "_id" : "1" }} { "name" : "深入浅出node.js" } { "create" : { "_index" : "demo_v1", "_type" : "book", "_id" : "2" }} { "name" : "你不知道的javascript" } ' #查看索引demo_v1下的数据 curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/_search?pretty' #查看索引demo_v1类型fruit下的数据 curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/fruit/_search?pretty' #查看索引demo_v1类型fruit,类型book下的数据 curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/fruit,book/_search?pretty'
#用别名查看demo_v1下的数据
curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo/_search?pretty' #删除索引=demo_v1类型=fruit下面id=2的数据 curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/_bulk?pretty' -d' { "delete" : { "_index" : "demo_v1", "_type" : "fruit", "_id" : "2" }}'
或者操作
curl -XDELETE 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/fruit/2' #修改索引demo_v1类型fruit下面id=3的数据name字段 curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/_bulk?pretty' -d' { "update" : {"_id" : "3", "_type":"fruit", "_index": "demo_v1"}} { "doc" : {"name":"草莓"}} '
10、自定义分词器
#如果索引demo_v6没有创建,可以直接创建并设置逗号分词器 curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/demo_v6' -d'{ "settings": { "index": { "analysis": { "analyzer": { "douhao_analyzer": { "pattern": ",", "type": "pattern" } } }, "number_of_shards": "5", "number_of_replicas": "1" } } }' #如果索引demo_v1已经存在,先关索引,再设置逗号分词器,然后打开索引 curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/omo_v1/_close' curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/_settings' -d'{"analysis": { "analyzer": { "douhao_analyzer": { "type":"pattern", "pattern":"," } } }}' curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/omo_v1/_open'
11、给索引设置mapping
#查看索引demo_v1的mapping设置( 没有手动设置的话采用系统默认设置,分词器默认standard分词(标准分词器)) curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/_mapping?pretty' { "demo_v1" : { "mappings" : { "book" : { "properties" : { "name" : { "type" : "text", "fields" : { "keyword" : { "type" : "keyword", "ignore_above" : 256 } } } } }, "fruit" : { "properties" : { "name" : { "type" : "text", "fields" : { "keyword" : { "type" : "keyword", "ignore_above" : 256 } } } } } } } } #给索引demo_v1的mapping设置中fruit新增一个字段tag curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/demo_v1/fruit/_mapping?pretty' -d '{ "fruit": { "properties": { "tag":{ "type":"text" } } } }'
注意:已经设置好的mapping可以新增字段,但是对已经设置的字段是不能修改的。因为Elasticsearch底层使用的是lucene库,修改以后索引和搜索要涉及分词方式等操作,所以不允许修改。
如果一个mapping设置过了,想要修改type或analyzer,通常的做法是新建一个索引,重新设置mapping,再把数据同步过来。