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JPA框架下使用纯粹的原生SQL

lxf 2021年06月14日 数据库 288 0

  最近遇到一个需求,查询数据库中对应表的字段是动态的,项目使用的框架使用JPA+Spring Boot,JPA自带原生SQL支持的传入参数是强类型的,无法用于查询语句的字段更改,因为插入字符串的话带有单引号,需要另外定义原生SQL

因此我们创建一个查询类

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import com.weiqitonggame.trade.model.WebInfo; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
import javax.persistence.EntityManager; 
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext; 

@Component //标记为组件,spring启动时会将该类扫描进容器
public class InformationDaoEM {

@PersistenceContext </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">注入的是实体管理器,执行持久化操作</span> 

EntityManager entityManager;

</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String getInfoWebWaring(String column){ 
    String SQL </span>= "SELECT "+column+" FROM config LIMIT 1"<span style="color: #000000;">; 
    Object obj </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> entityManager.createNativeQuery(SQL).getSingleResult(); 
 
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String.valueOf(obj); 
} 
 
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> WebInfo getWebInfo(String [] args){ 
 
    String SQL </span>= "SELECT id, "+<span style="color: #000000;"> 
            args[</span>0]+" log_url, "+<span style="color: #000000;"> 
            args[</span>1]+" title, "+<span style="color: #000000;"> 
            args[</span>2]+" key_word, "+<span style="color: #000000;"> 
            args[</span>3]+" description, "+<span style="color: #000000;"> 
            args[</span>4]+" address, "+<span style="color: #000000;"> 
            args[</span>5]+" contact "+ 
            "FROM config LIMIT 1"<span style="color: #000000;">; 
 
    WebInfo webInfo </span>= (WebInfo) entityManager.createNativeQuery(SQL,WebInfo.<span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;">).getSingleResult(); 
 
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> webInfo; 
} 

}

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其中
EntityManager.createNativeQuery(SQL)返回的是Object对象
entityManager.createNativeQuery(SQL,WebInfo.class)返回的是映射后的实例对象
实体类WebInfo需要进行以下处理,确保被扫描进spring容器

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import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; 
import lombok.Data; 
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; 
import lombok.experimental.Accessors; 

import javax.persistence.*;

@Data //生成读写方法
@AllArgsConstructor //生成全参构造方法
@NoArgsConstructor //生成无参构造方法
@Accessors(chain = true)
@Entity(name
= "tableName") //标记为entity
public class WebInfo {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy
= GenerationType.AUTO)
@Column(name
= "id") //查询结果对应字段
private Integer id;
@Column(name
= "log_url")
private String logUrl;
@Column(name
= "title")
private String title;
@Column(name
= "key_word")
private String keyWord;
@Column(name
= "description")
private String description;
@Column(name
= "address")
private String address;
@Column(name
= "contact")
private String contact;

}

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Query.getSingleResult() 执行SQL语句,返回一个查询结果,常用的还有以下方法
Query.getResultList() () 执行SQL语句,返回一个List集合
Query.getFirstResult() () 执行SQL语句,返回一个系列结果集合的第一个

 调用方式如下:

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import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 
import com.weiqitonggame.trade.service.InformationService; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import com.weiqitonggame.trade.dao.InformationDaoEM; 
import com.weiqitonggame.trade.model.WebInfo; 

@Service //标记为service
public class InformationServiceImpl implements InformationService {

@Autowired  </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">注入informationDaoEM</span> 
<span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> InformationDaoEM informationDaoEM; 
 
@Override 
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String getWebWaring(String column) { 
 
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> informationDaoEM.getInfoWebWaring(column); 
} 
 
@Override 
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> WebInfo getWebInfo(String[] args) { 
 
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> informationDaoEM.getWebInfo(args); 
} 

}

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